On Idealism

In lecture eight, Dr. Bonevac delves into idealism, the philosophical view that everything is mind-dependent, contrasting it with realism which holds that some things exist independently of the mind. We explore how Kant's transcendental idealism distinguishes between phenomena and noumena, examining how this perspective influenced later thinkers like Hegel, who rejected the notion of unknowable things-in-themselves. The lecture concludes by considering pragmatism's response to idealism, Nietzsche's radical relativism, and Russell's realist objection that idealism cannot explain why different minds share similar experiences of the world.